The evaluation of shield tunnel reinforcement and governance effect is studied. Firstly, based on the two limit state designs, 21 influencing factors were selected from three aspects of apparent characteristics, deformation characteristics and strength characteristics, and the evaluation index system of shield tunnel reinforcement effect was constructed. Secondly, combined with the current specification and site management requirements, the shield tunnel management effect evaluation level set was established, the limit values of each index were determined, and the qualitative and quantitative indexes were quantified by using expert scoring method and linear dimensionless method. Finally, the analytic hierarchy process was used to establish the judgment matrix of indicators at all levels, and the consistency test was conducted to form a methodological system for evaluating the effect of shield tunnel reinforcement management. The application of practical engineering cases shows that the evaluation index system and evaluation method proposed in this paper are feasible and can provide reference for the subsequent evaluation of shield tunnel treatment.