The renewal of the area around high-density urban rail transit stations is an important topic for the revitalization of existing urban public spaces. The pedestrian network and the infrastructure around it have a profound impact on the aggregation of passenger flow at rail transit stations. As urban rail transit lines continue to expand across China, a diminishing marginal effect is observed in the incremental passenger flow at various stations. To ensure a more effective alignment between the development intensity, land use nature, public facility density, and passenger flow intensity in urban renewal projects surrounding rail transit stations, and to fully leverage the agglomeration effects of spatial elements within these areas, this paper takes the urban renewal of the surrounding region of the Hi-Tech Central Station in Shenzhen as a case study. Firstly, based on the empirical data of well-functioning passenger flow and station area development intensity, the Gaoxinzhong Station is identified as an arrival-type station among the categories of arrival, departure, and balanced stations. Secondly, the quantitative relationship between the planned passenger flow and anticipated development intensity at the Hi-Tech Central Station is analyzed, revealing that the urban renewal capacity of the station area fails to meet expectations. Finally, a quantitative assessment is conducted on the ground and underground building space capacity, road network structure, and other relevant factors of the surrounding plots around the Hi-Tech Central Station, and a comprehensive evaluation is made of the potential induced passenger flow aggregation capacity of each plot, providing a design basis for achieving the planned capacity.

A large number of studies believe that the superposition effect of the accessibility of the rail system and urban streets can gather urban space elements, and the coupling effect of the above-ground and underground pedestrian network systems in the rail transit station area affects the quality of public space obviously. The urban design of Qianhai in Shenzhen was taken as the research object. Based on the accessibility of the subway station area and the existing research results, the vitality indicators of the ground pedestrian streets and underground pedestrian paths in the rail transit station area were extracted and quantified by using space syntax, network analysis and attenuation superposition. Through the entropy weight method, the index integration of the above-ground and underground pedestrian networks is carried out respectively. Based on the GIS platform, the simulated values of the vitality of the above-ground and underground pedestrian networks are coupling calculated. Three coupling states in the pedestrian network in the scheme design stage are identified, and a preliminary improvement strategy is proposed for the areas with poor coupling.