Plasma exciton induced photocatalytic reactions have considerable potential in terms of controllability and selectivity. On an Au/graphene/SiO₂/Si composite substrate, utilizing the advantages of Raman fingerprint spectroscopy, a substantial application of information encryption patterned reading and writing at the micrometer scale is achieved through surface plasmon driven photocatalytic reactions. Using excitation light with a wavelength of 532 nm for pattern drawing and excitation light with a wavelength of 785 nm for Mapping reading, controllable drawing and reading of two-dimensional encrypted graphics have been achieved. By constructing an error correction formula and performing error correction Mapping imaging, the enhancement and photocatalytic effects caused by the non-uniformity of the graphene substrate are deducted, thereby correcting encrypted information characters and achieving better encrypted information reading effects.