In order to prevent and control plateau tunnel construction safety accidents, the article analyzes the source of the plateau tunnel construction safety risk, and for the first time systematically constructs the plateau tunnel construction safety risk evaluation index system. The indicator system consists of 5 first-level indicators and 35 second-level indicators. Next, the article combines optimized analytic hierarchy process（OAHP）and information entropy weight method to construct a weight calculation combination model, and organically integrates it with matter-element extension theory to construct a safety risk assessment model for plateau tunnel construction. Finally, using the index system and model to conduct empirical research on the construction of the Xinwushaoling tunnel project, it is concluded that the construction safety risk level is level 1, that is, "low risk". The evaluation result is consistent with the actual safety situation, indicating that the index system and model are suitable for the safety risk evaluation of plateau tunnel construction. Through correlation analysis, this article puts forward construction safety risk control measures for hidden safety risks, and provides a method for safety risk control of plateau tunnels and underground engineering construction.

In order to improve the level of safety culture construction in underground shopping malls, prevent safety accidents and ensure operation safety, the article comprehensively analyzes the factors of safety culture construction in underground shopping malls from four levels of safety culture, it is the first time to construct the evaluation index system of safety culture construction level in underground market, which consists of 4 first-level indexes such as safety concept culture and 28 second-level indexes such as safety strategic consciousness. For the first time, the combination weight calculation model of OAHP, entropy method and matter-element extension theory are combined to construct the evaluation model of safety culture construction level of underground shopping malls. The evaluation model is applied to an empirical study of a large underground shopping mall in Xi 'an, and concludes that the construction of safety culture is at a high level, with a grade of Ⅱ, which belongs to the stage of self-management, the evaluation results are in accordance with the actual situation, and through the correlation analysis to find out the deficiencies in the construction of safety culture, put forward targeted measures to improve. The study shows that the evaluation system is suitable for the evaluation of the level of safety culture construction in underground shopping malls. It provides a method for evaluating the level of safety culture construction in underground shopping malls.