In space situational awareness (SSA), non-cooperative targets are monitored under complex illumination and dynamic conditions, where reliable quantitative observation evaluation is essential for threat detection and catalog maintenance. This paper addresses the challenge of constructing a space-based observation evaluation framework for non-cooperative targets under complex illumination and dynamic conditions, and develops an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm for optimizing comprehensive observation effectiveness-evaluation parameters within a typical rendezvous and proximity operations (RPO) dynamics framework. The study integrates constraints such as solar incidence angle, field of view, and relative angular rate, forming a multi-constraint finite-horizon set. A comprehensive effectiveness-evaluation model is proposed, incorporating submodels for relative distance, image motion, effective observation time, and coverage, with dynamic weighting based on mission priority. The comprehensive observation effectiveness evaluation problem is formulated as a highly nonlinear optimization task, and an improved reinforcement learning neural network algorithm with feedback coefficient scheduling (FCS-RLNNA) is introduced. Numerical simulations in GEO scenarios demonstrate that FCS-RLNNA outperforms existing optimization methods in terms of convergence speed and solution stability. The proposed framework effectively enhances multi-constraint RPO observation while satisfying safety and imaging-quality requirements.

In order to acquire the accurate adjustment of the orbit shape and height of the detector, a new method of spacecraft continuous thrust control based on radial force equilibrium flight was proposed. The dynamic polar coordinate model of continuous thrust equilibrium flight was established, and the analytical orbit solution under special conditions was derived, the boundary conditions were further analyzed, and the control law of continuous thrust was given. Using this equilibrium flight control theory, the optimal control strategy for orbit capture can be constructed. Considering the thrust level of thrusters, the integrated adjustment of orbit shape, orbit height and orbit phase can be adjusted through one or more control processes. Numerical simulations show that the space gravitational wave detector with micro thruster can achieve high-precision orbit capture by using the orbit control method of equilibrium flight. This method has the advantages of analytical control process, small calculation, simple and practical.

Aiming at the cooperative acquisition control problem of geocentric very high orbit constellations, a cooperative acquisition control strategy was designed on the basis of the virtual formation method, and a three-pulse burnup optimal trajectory planning algorithm was used to coordinate the trajectory of the conformation acquisition. And the adaptive whole integral sliding mode controller was combined to track and control the transfer trajectory of the satellites. Taking the three-star constellation configuration capture at an orbital altitude of 100000 km as an example for simulation verification, simulation results show that this strategy can be effectively applied to the configuration control of the constellation with very high geocentric orbit. It can make the satellites in the constellation reach their nominal positions at the same time with less burn up, and at the same time has high accuracy.