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Group distance magic labeling of the Cartesian product of two directed cycles
Electronic Research Archive 2025, 33(6): 4014-4026
Published: 24 June 2025
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Let G → be a finite simple directed graph with n vertices, and let Γ be a finite abelian group of order n. A Γ-distance magic labeling is a bijection φ : V ( G → ) ⟶ Γ for which there exists c ∈ Γ such that ∑ y ∈ N + ( x ) φ ( y ) − ∑ y ∈ N − ( x ) φ ( y ) = c for any x ∈ V ( G → ), where N + ( x ) and N − ( x ) denote the set of the head and the tail of x, respectively. In this paper, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for that there exists a Γ-distance magic labeling for the Cartesian products of two directed cycles.

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