The rapid identification of pathogenic microorganisms has become increasingly critical in clinical diagnostics and public health management. However, conventional detection methods are constrained by their limited analytical scope, suboptimal sensitivity, and time-consuming procedures, particularly in scenarios with unstable sample quality or low pathogen load, which frequently compromises diagnostic accuracy. In this context, high-throughput sequencing(HTS) technology has emerged as a pivotal technological approach in pathogen detection, leveraging its unparalleled throughput, ultrahigh sensitivity, and pan-pathogen detection capability. This article systematically reviews the technical principles of HTS, its specific applications in pathogen detection, and the corresponding data analysis methodologies, aiming to provide valuable insights and references for enhancing pathogen identification efficiency in clinical and epidemiological practice.

In vitro erythrocyte manufacturing technology offers a novel solution for transfusion therapy, ensuring sustainable blood supply, reducing dependence on donors, and minimizing the risk of infectious disease transmission. This review summarizes recent advancements in in vitro erythrocyte production, including techniques for generating red blood cells (RBC) from various cell sources, with a focus on the cultivation and development of immortalized erythroid cell lines. The importance of enhancing enucleation efficiency and ensuring the safety of immortalized erythroid cells is emphasized. Additionally, the potential and challenges in clinical translation are discussed, aiming to provide new insights for future sustainable RBC supply and therapeutic applications.