The Hariti Statue in Fowan of the Beishan Rock Carvings at Dazu has a very high cultural, historical and artistic value, however its weathering is serious, and the statue of the long-term preservation is facing a serious challenge. In order to study the weathering mechanism of the Hariti Statue, this paper made a detailed investigation on the diseases of statues. The samples of weathered dust were collected from the surface of the rock mass of the Hariti Statue for X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ion chromatography (IC) analysis, which tested the mineral composition and the content and composition of the soluble salts. The meteorological parameters such as air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and the concentration of atmospheric pollutants such as sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), 2.5-micrometer Particulate Matter (PM_2.5), inhalable particles (PM₁₀) in the study area were monitored for a long time by the integrated meteorological and air quality monitoring station. The results of disease investigation showed that dust and chalking flaking were the most important diseases to the stone and painting of the statue. XRD test showed that the mineral composition was dominated by quartz, plagioclase feldspar and gypsum. These mineral components have a large degree of weathering, and some components such as gypsum are susceptible to the decomposition under chemical weathering by various acids. IC analysis showed high content of sulfate ion (SO₄^2-), nitrate Ion (NO^3-) and chloride ion (Cl^-), whose acidic corrosion and salinization accelerate the weathering and disintegration of the artifactual minerals. The results of environmental monitoring showed that the area was in the high humidity range of 70%-80%. The air temperature fluctuates greatly depending on the season, and the maximum temperature in the area of the statue is over 40 ℃ in summer. The hot and humid environment is apt to induce the weathering of rock cultural heritage, and when the temperature fluctuation is accompanied by the change of humidity, the risk of weathering would be increased. The air pollution in the statue area is serious, among which atmospheric particulate matters are the most important pollution factors. The chemicals in particulate matter along with acidic gaseous pollutants such as SO₂ and NO₂ will catalyze the erosion of minerals on rock surfaces.

Residential kitchens are major reservoirs for foodborne pathogens that threaten public health. Effective hygiene management is often hampered by the absence of predictive models for microbial growth under real-world conditions. To this end, this study introduces a novel Gompertz model that incorporates cooking and cleaning effects (Gompertz-CC), developed through a year-long field investigation across eight Chinese cities and controlled laboratory experimentation. Statistical analyses of field data identified air temperature and user behaviors, specifically cooking and cleaning activities, as the most influential factors for bacterial growth. By incorporating cooking and cleaning correction factors that adjust to temperature variations, the new model outperforms the original Gompertz model across all tested conditions (Adj.R² > 0.902, RMSE < 0.127). It allows for estimation of the critical bacterial rebound times post-cooking and cleaning, which shorten as temperatures rise. In winter, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica remain below the safe thresholds for 15–30 hours following disinfection, while during summer months these windows narrow to 3–6 hours. By bridging the gap between laboratory microbiology and real-world kitchen dynamics, the Gompertz-CC model provides a robust framework for adaptive cleaning protocols.