Drug-resistant bacteria, using their dense cell membranes as strong barrier, significantly reduce the efficacy of conventional antibacterial treatments. Phototriggered 2D catalytic nanomaterials have emerged as promising candidates against drug-resistant bacteria by inducing membrane mechanical damage and generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the practical antibacterial efficacy of typical 2D graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) is severely limited due to the low ROS production. Herein, we report an interfacial band-engineered lamellar heterojunctions (MnCN LHJs) through in situ Mn₂O₃ growth on g-C₃N₄. The charges generated in g-C₃N₄ are stabilized by Mn₂O₃, minimizing electron-hole recombination and boosting ROS production. Meanwhile, the photocatalytic effect of MnCN LHJs works synergistically with photothermal effects of Mn₂O₃ to induce a robust “melee attack” against drug-resistant bacteria. High-resolution synchrotron radiation X-ray tomography directly visualized that MnCN LHJs possessed bacterial trapping capabilities, revealing their ability to induce mechanical damage to bacteria membrane for the first time. Additionally, MnCN LHJs can deplete endogenous glutathione, thereby enhancing ROS generation and weakening the bacterial antioxidant defense system. These combined effects achieve a remarkable bactericidal rate exceeding 98% against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Notably, MnCN LHJs demonstrate prolonged retention at wound sites, helping to reduce inflammation and promote angiogenesis in infected wounds. This work not only advances interfacial band engineering approach to enhance the photocatalytic performance of g-C₃N₄ but also underscores the significance of nanomaterial–bacteria interaction in design of next-generation antibacterial materials.

The continuous lithium consumption during cycling severely reduces the energy density of the lithium battery, and thus, lithium compensation is essential. Herein, Li_xC₆O₆ (x = 2, 4) was proposed as an air-stable high-efficiency sacrificial additive in the cathode to compensate for the lost lithium ions in solid-state lithium batteries. Below a delithiation (oxidation) potential as low as 3.8 V, Li₂C₆O₆ can release most of its Li⁺ ions (294.8 mAh g⁻¹ in theory). Similarly, Li₄C₆O₆ is also characteristic of low oxidation potential and high delithiation capacity (547.8 mAh g⁻¹ in theory). The feasibility of using Li_xC₆O₆ as the self-sacrificial additive in the cathode was verified with the marked increase of the initial charge capacity of the Li||LiFePO₄ (half) cells and the initial discharge capacity of Cu||LiFePO₄ (full) cells, and the improved electrolyte/cathode interface stability and interface contact, in the solid-state poly(ethylene oxide)-lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (PEO-LiTFSI) electrolyte. In addition, the structure and delithiation of Li_xC₆O₆ and the impacts of its decomposition product on the PEO-LiTFSI solid electrolyte were also evaluated on the basis of the comprehensive physical characterizations and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. These findings open a new avenue for elevating the energy density and/or elongate the lifespan of the solid-state secondary batteries.