To understand how cortical circuits respond to pharmacological regulation, tools that can simultaneously detect electrophysiological and electrochemical signals in vivo are needed. However, most existing methods target only a single modality or depend on tethered recording systems that constrain movement and limit the ability to monitor coordinated neural processes. To address these challenges, we developed a dual-mode wireless microsystem that enables simultaneous recording of spikes, local field potentials (LFPs), and dopamine (DA)-related electrochemical signals on microelectrode arrays. The platform integrates a PtNPs/PEDOT:PSS/rGO/Nafion-modified electrochemical site for sensitive and selective detection of DA, as well as independent electrophysiological and electrochemical acquisition pathways that support stable long-distance wireless transmission of dual-mode signals. In vitro tests demonstrated that the platform can stably detect DA within a certain range and exhibits reliable wireless transmission performance. Using this platform, we recorded simultaneous electrophysiological and dopaminergic signals from the prelimbic cortex under different doses of dexmedetomidine. The results showed that increasing drug dose led to a significant reduction in spike firing rate and high-frequency LFP power, accompanied by dose-dependent elevations in DA-related amperometric response. These combined measurements showed simultaneous dose-dependent changes in electrophysiological activity and the DA-related electrochemical signal under dexmedetomidine. This dual-mode wireless microsystem provides a practical tool for neuroscience experiments requiring the integration of electrophysiology and neurochemistry.

Abnormalities in the ossicular chain, a key middle-ear component that is crucial for sound transmission, can lead to conductive hearing loss; reconstruction offers an effective treatment. Accurate preoperative ossicular-chain measurements are essential for creating prostheses; however, current methods rely on cadaver studies or manual measurements from 2-dimensional images, which are time-intensive and laborious and depend heavily on radiologist expertise. To improve efficiency, we aimed to develop a systematic approach for automated ossicular-chain segmentation and measurement using ultra-high-resolution computed tomography (U-HRCT). One hundred forty patients (226 ears) with normal ear anatomy underwent U-HRCT. Twelve parameters were defined to measure ossicular-chain components. Automated measurements based on automated segmentation of 226 ear images were verified through manual measurements. We analyzed variations by ear side, sex, and age group. Stapes analysis was limited by segmentation accuracy. Complete segmentation of the malleus, incus, and stapes was achieved in 47 ears. Automated measurements of 8 parameters showed no significant differences compared to manual measurements in 47 cases. Significant sex-based differences emerged in all parameters except stapes footplate length, incudostapedial joint angle, and stapes volume (P = 0.205, P = 0.560, and P = 0.170, respectively). Notable side-specific differences were observed in female incus height and male malleus volume (P = 0.017 and P = 0.037, respectively). No statistically significant differences were found in other parameters across different age groups, except for malleus and incus volumes (P = 0.015 and P = 0.031). The proposed algorithm effectively automated ossicular-chain segmentation and measurement, establishing a normative range for ossicular parameters and providing a valuable reference for detecting abnormalities.