Microrobots are emerging as transformative tools for biomedical applications, including minimally invasive diagnostics, targeted therapy, and microsurgical intervention. However, achieving reliable performance and adaptation to diverse tasks and environments requires capabilities that exceed any single form of intelligence. Here, we introduce embodied cross-domain intelligence, a framework for synergistic coupling across physical, biological, computational, and human intelligence, enabling multifunctional, collaborative, and adaptive microrobotic behavior in dynamic, safety-critical biological settings. Unlike prior reviews that address these intelligence domains in isolation, this review aims to provide a unified framework, outlining each domain’s principles, recent advances, and limitations; analyzing the interfaces that foster synergy; and mapping representative domain combinations to major biomedical applications. We further identify core challenges in integration, control, safety, and validation and outline future research directions to accelerate clinical translation. By framing biomedical microrobot development as a cross-domain synergy challenge, this review aims to guide interdisciplinary efforts toward systems capable of executing complex, multistage tasks across their operational life cycle. The associated project is available on the online project page (https://nuounuou.github.io/Embodied-Cross-Domain-Intelligence-in-Biomedical-Microrobots-A-Review/).

Recently, vision-based tactile sensors (VBTSs) have gained popularity in robotics systems. The sensing mechanisms of most VBTSs can be categorized based on the type of tactile features they capture. Each category requires specific structural designs to convert physical contact into optical information. The complex architectures of VBTSs pose challenges for traditional manufacturing techniques in terms of design flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and quality stability. Previous research has shown that monolithic manufacturing using multimaterial 3-dimensional printing technology can address these challenges but fails to bridge the gap between the design phase and creation phase of VBTSs. Thereby, in this study, we introduce the CrystalTac family, a series of VBTSs designed with on-demand sensing mechanisms and fabricated through rapid monolithic manufacturing. Case studies on the CrystalTac family demonstrate their efficiency in targeted tasks involving tactile perception, along with impressive cost-effectiveness and design flexibility. The CrystalTac family aims to highlight the potential of rapid monolithic manufacturing techniques in VBTS development and inspire further research in tactile sensing and manipulation.