The in-situ evolved FeNi oxyhydroxide (FeNiOOH) derived from FeNi-based catalyst demonstrates exceptional intrinsic activity toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, its long-term stability is severely compromised by the dissolution of Fe sites. Herein, we introduce a strategy to enhance catalyst durability by leveraging the ligand effect of 4,4’-biphenyldicarboxylic acid (BPDC) derived from FeNi-based metal-organic framework (FeNi-MOF). As a result, the FeNi-MOF derived catalyst with ligand effect exhibits enhanced durability in alkaline OER, outperforming FeNi-layered double hydroxides (FeNi-LDH) by 6.2 times. Notably, the integrated FeNi-MOF/NF||Pt/C@NF electrolyzer sustains over 3000 h of operation at 500 mA·cm⁻² with minimal degradation (0.0737 mV·h⁻¹). In-situ Raman spectroscopy confirms that, compared to FeNi-LDH, the ligand effect of BPDC accelerates the evolution of FeNi-MOF into BPDC-functionalized FeNiOOH (FeNiOOH-BPDC) and enhances the degree of reconstruction, thereby promoting the activity of OER. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis and density functional theory calculations demonstrate that in-situ anchored BPDC enriches the electron density around Fe atoms, reducing the Fe oxidation state and strengthening the Fe–O bonds, thereby preventing the excessive oxidation of Fe and inhibiting Fe dissolution. This work highlights the critical role of BPDC ligand in stabilizing FeNi-based OER catalysts and offers a promising strategy for designing industrially stable catalysts.

Magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials are gaining significant attention due to their high hydrogen storage capacity and abundant availability. However, they encounter challenges, including slow hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics and elevated operating temperatures. To address these issues, researchers have employed two main strategies: nanostructuring and the introduction of catalysts. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the modification of MgH₂, emphasizing the impact of nanostructuring on enhancing hydrogen storage performance. It also examines the role of various catalysts, including carbon-based materials, transition metals and alloys, their oxides and halides, and composites, in improving hydrogen absorption and desorption characteristics. Studies indicate that these modifications can substantially lower the hydrogen absorption and desorption temperatures while enhancing kinetic performance. Furthermore, the effectiveness of catalysts is influenced by their type, dispersion, and interaction with magnesium-based materials and the catalytic mechanism, thereby elucidating the underlying catalytic mechanisms. The review concludes by discussing the current challenges and future directions in this field, aiming to provide theoretical insights for the practical application of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials.