Human anatomy is the cornerstone of the medical temple. As early as more than 2000 years ago, by means of manual detection/observation and acupuncture needle, and from the perspective of yin and yang complementarity, and in the aspects of body surface landmarks, physical structure, visceral structure, holistic structure, body form and constitution, and the rules of human body structure, Chinese acupuncture practitioners had constructed the theoretical foundation, named "acupuncture theory of physical body", supporting TCM acupuncture. Based on the needs of acupuncture, a research paradigm had been established to explore the morphological structure of human body, focusing on membrane structure and regulatory structure, and with the concept of "membrane-organ integration". The advanced idea and significant discovery on acupuncture theory of physical body are rediscovered and reacquainted in the latest development of modern human anatomy, with highlighted contemporary importance and value. Moreover, it shows that the two paths, i.e. acupuncture theory of physical body oriented to science of acupuncture, and the modern human anatomy towards surgery, are essential when exploring the mysteries of human structure and complemented each other. TCM acupuncture practitioners should seize the opportunity to complete the reconstruction and innovation of human morphology of TCM acupuncture by systematically excavating and organizing the acupuncture theory of physical body. It will be a solid and historic step to promote this theory to be an independent discipline and the most complementary to modern human anatomy, open the passages between the theories of Chinese medicine and western medicine from the bottom, and eventually achieve their complementarity.

Eleven bamboo slips of metal-weapon-injury induced lethal symptoms, unearthed in Laoguanshan, reflect the understanding of the vital parts of human body by ancient medical masters. Through the longitudinal research of Laoguanshan unearthed bamboo slips of metal-weapon-injury induced lethal symptoms, and the handed-down literature on this aspect, the doubts remained have been clarified on the annotation and the interpretation of Laoguanshan medical bamboo slips; and the reliable road signs been discovered on the path for collating the sources of handed-down literature on metal-weapon injury, and this path had been failed to deepening. Through the horizontal comparison of metal-weapon injury with forensic medicine and acupuncture, it is found that the understanding of the vital parts of the human body, obtained through various ways in thousands of years, is highly agreed with among metal-weapon injury, forensic medicine and acupuncture, except for the differences in the terminology among different disciplines, and the discrepancy in ancient and modern literature because of the misunderstandings of the previous literature by later generations within the same discipline. Therefore, the multi-dimensional evidences have been obtained to support the recognition of the vital parts of the human body in traumatology, reflected in the Laoguanshan bamboo slips of metal-weapon-injury induced lethal symptoms. Additionally, the reliability of the relevant discipline theories, e.g. acupuncture and forensic examination, has been strongly confirmed. It provides a very typical case for solving major academic problems by applying the "dual-attestation method" to research unearthed and handed-down literature. Moreover, it explores a novel approach to the academic study of traditional Chinese medicine, especially to the effective communication among different disciplines.