In 2017, there were 451 million people (ages 18 to 99) with diabetes worldwide, and this number is expected to grow to 592 million by 2035. A series of complications in diabetic patients often leads to oral vascular and bone lesions. Therefore, dental implant doctors urgently need to understand the clinical characteristics of diabetes mellitus patients to provide the best treatment. For dental implant doctors, the following problems still exist in the treatment of diabetic patients with poor blood sugar control: ① alveolar fossa healing in diabetic patients is slow after extraction, and bone regeneration is often needed, which prolongs the treatment cycle and increases the pain of patients; ② the rate of new bone formation in diabetic patients after alveolar bone grafting is slow; ③ it takes a long time for the body to achieve effective bone bonding after dental implantation in diabetic patients, and the outcomes are poor; ④ the health of the tissue around dental implants is affected by blood sugar level, which is difficult to maintain in diabetic patients. Current studies suggest that the long-term success rate of implants is predictable in diabetic patients when blood sugar levels are well controlled (HbA1c < 6%). This article will review the current research status of dental implantation therapy for diabetic patients to provide a reference for clinical practice.

Through a review of the literature on surface treatment of superhydrophilic implants and its clinical application, this paper discusses the shortening of load time, the improvement of the planting success rate and its long-term effect. Additionally, attention should be paid to the nonindication of superhydrophilic implants and issues requiring attention. The literature review showed that healthy patients could carry out an early load 21 days after implantation of superhydrophilic implants, and the load could be completed as soon as 6 weeks after implantation with superhydrophilic short implants when the residual alveolar bone height of the posterior dental area was repaired. Even if the residual alveolar bone density of the patient is low, the application of superhydrophilic implants can shorten the healing period to 8 weeks. Notably, some studies have reported that superhydrophilic implants have no significant effect on patients with a history of radiotherapy and the use of anticoagulants. Because the adhesion of the superhydrophilic implant to the bacteria is also improved to some extent, it is very important to prevent the use of antibiotics when using the superhydrophilic implant. Finally, this paper discusses and anticipates the future research direction of superhydrophilic implants: longer periodic follow-up and more in-depth molecular mechanism studies.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a large demand for dental implants, but the pathologic state of T2DM patients could compromise the efficacy of implant treatment. Glycemic control can improve the success rate of implants in the T2DM population, but the early osseointegration of individuals still needs to be improved. Strengthening early osseointegration in patients with T2DM is one of the urgent problems for clinicians. The pharmacological mechanisms of hypoglycemic drugs on the market for bone metabolism are different and may require different interventions on the bone around the implant, but there is a lack of direct clinical evidence of the protective effect of hypoglycemic drugs. This review integrated the bone metabolic effect of drugs in clinical medical research and dental implant research. The aim was to provide medication guidance for T2DM patients who require implant surgery, and it is recommended to avoid the use of drugs with negative effects on bone as far as possible without violating the clinical medication guidelines, including SGLT-2 inhibitors and thiazolidinediones. Instead, they should choose glucose-lowering drugs that are beneficial to bone metabolism, such as insulin, metformin and GLP-1 receptor agonists. However, the comparative clinical effects of these drugs on periimplant bone need to be further elucidated. The researcher should select appropriate drugs (incretin drugs) to enhance the early osseointegration of implants in patients with T2DM.