The aim of vital pulp therapy is to preserve vital, healthy pulp tissue through pulp capping or pulpotomy. Pulp-capping materials are applied to isolate infection, promote odontoblast differentiation and reparative dentine formation during the progress. Calcium silicon-based materials play significant roles in vital pulp therapy with their favorable mechanical properties, bioactivity and biocompatibility. The present paper will review current progress for these novel calcium silicon-based materials used in vital pulp therapy.