Vitamin D is an essential fat-soluble vitamin that can be synthesized in the human skin when exposed to sunlight or obtained through dietary means. At present, Vitamin D deficient or insufficient has become a hot topic, which not only affects the health of skeletal muscle but also promotes the occurrence and development of other diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and periodontitis. Vitamin D supplementation can increase the bone density, inhibit the absorption of alveolar bone and reduce teeth loss. The specific mechanism may be related to bone metabolism or immune regulation of vitamin D. This review focuses on the research progress of the influence of vitamin D on periodontitis.