Sono/photodynamic treatment (SPDT) is a new non-thermal sterilization technology derived and developed from photodynamic technology (PDT), which can synergistically inactivate microorganisms. This paper summarizes the mechanism of action, influential factors, and application of sono/photodynamic non-thermal sterilization technology in food processing. Future directions in the development of this sterilization technology and the technical bottlenecks that need to be solved urgently are also discussed, with the aim of providing a basis for developing a green, low-carbon non-thermal sterilization technology for the preservation of health foods.