The housekeeping genes atpD, gyrB, infB, fusA and glnS in Cronobacter sakazakii were selected as target sequences to construct plasmid standards for rapidly detecting C. sakazakii. The constructed recombinant plasmids was verifiedby colony polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing and was checked for stability after 15 passages. The atpD, gyrB, infB, fusA and glnS plasmid standards were qualitatively tested and evaluated in terms of limit of detection (LOD) and stability. Then, these plasmid standards were used to detect C. sakazakii in infant milk powder. The results of colony PCR and sequencing showed successful construction of the atpD, gyrB, infB, fusA and glnS plasmid standards. The PCR system was specificfor the detection of the plasmid standards. The detection limits of atpD, gyrB, infB, fusA and glnS were 1.14 × 10⁶, 1.07 × 10⁷, 1.09 × 10⁷, 1.73 × 10⁵ and 7.54 × 10⁵ copies/μL, respectively. The lyophilized plasmids could be stored stably at -20, 4 and 25 ℃ for 90 days. The plasmid standards were used to detect 23 samples of infant milk powder, and one of them was detected positive for gyrB. However, C. sakazakii was undetectable by the traditional national standard method (GB 4789.40-2016). Compared with the traditional method, the application of the plasmid standards greatly improved the detection efficiency of samples

Foods, agricultural by-products and medicinal plants are often contaminated by pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins. Pathogenic fungi not only lead to food deterioration, but also harm people’s health. The commonly used methods for detoxification include physical, chemical and biological methods. A large number of studies have shown that natural plant essential oils inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi and the accumulation of mycotoxins and have good biodegradability, making them a promising environmental-friendly alternative to traditional synthetic fungicides. In this review, the classification and harm of common pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins, as well as the antifungal components and mechanisms of plant essential oils are introduced, and recent progress on plant essential oils in the control of pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins is summarized. This review provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of plant essential oils.