Type 2 diabetes mellitus is also called non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Every year, millions of people around the world suffer from type 2 diabetics or become potential patients. Food-derived bioactive peptides not only provide essential nutritional benefits, but also are more easily absorbed by the body. Previous studies have shown that bioactive peptides can inhibit the activity of metabolic enzymes associated with type 2 diabetes, promote insulin secretion and improve insulin resistance, making them functional foods or drugs for effective management of this disease. In order to provide a reference for further research on food-derived bioactive peptides, this paper reviews the properties and sources of foodderived bioactive peptides and the state of the art in research on the regulatory mechanism of food-derived bioactive peptides on blood glucose levels, and it summarizes the studies on food-derived metabolic enzyme modulators. In order to provide a reference for the innovation of food-derived bioactive peptides.