To compare the effects of four lipid components (oil fractions 1, 2 and 3, and phospholipids) extracted from egg yolk oil on promoting peptic gastric ulcer healing in mice.

The lipid components at 0.3 g/d for the oil fractions and 0.1 g/d for phospholipids were separately given to six-week-old mice with gastric ulcer by gavage for five days. Afterwards, the extent of gastric antrum ulcer and histopathological alterations were analyzed, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in gastric tissue were measured to evaluate the promoting-healing effect of the lipid components on peptic gastric ulcer. Furthermore, verification experiments were carried out by gavaging the mice with gastric ulcer with oil fraction 1 at doses of 0.3 and 0.15 g/d or phospholipids at doses of 0.1 and 0.05 g/d.

Yolk oil 1 and phospholipids significantly promoted the healing of gastric antrum ulcer. Histopathological analysis showed the four lipid components maintained cell integrity and inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration. Compared with the model group, SOD activity and GSH-Px and NO levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), and MDA and ET-1 levels were significantly decreased after intervention with oil fraction 1 (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). Similarly, after phospholipid treatment, SOD activity and GSH-Px levels were significantly increased (P < 0.01), and MDA and ET-1 levels were significantly decreased (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). In the validation experiments, the low dose of oil fraction 1 could still significantly promote ulcer healing, while the dose of phospholipids could not.

Liquid lipids (yolk oil 1) rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and arachidonic acid as well as phospholipids in egg yolk are effective in promoting the healing of peptic gastric ulcer in mice, and oral administration of 0.15 g/d of yolk oil 1 or 0.1 g/d of phospholipids can promote the healing of peptic gastric ulcer in mice.