This paper presents a novel friction control method that introduces internal stiffness inhomogeneity into soft material surfaces that slide on rough surfaces. This approach involves embedding hard particles within a soft material to control friction. When these particles encounter asperities on a rough surface during sliding, they trigger a local stick−slip-like motion that leads to energy dissipation and increased macroscopic friction. The validity of the concept was demonstrated through experiments using a simplified setup with triangular periodic one-dimensional roughness. This method is expected to be useful for designing various soft material sliding surfaces.
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Article type
Year
Open Access
Research Article
Issue
Friction 2026, 14(3): 9441167
Published: 11 March 2026
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