As an overpressure safety relief device, the positive-arched slotted rupture disc is widely used in fluid transportation, electrochemical energy storage, high-voltage power equipment, and other scenarios where dust or gas explosion may occur. At present, the final design parameters can only be determined through multiple trials during the design and manufacturing process, resulting in high time and economic costs. With the development of computer simulation technology, numerical simulations can largely replace actual experiments and can significantly improve the efficiency of product development, design, and testing.

In this study, a dynamic simulation model of the bursting disc blasting process based on Abaqus is constructed by analyzing the structural form and constraint conditions of the positive arch bursting disc. The mesh element type in the numerical model is set to S4R, the element shape is set to quadrilateral, and the geometric order is linear. The boundary condition at the contact surface is simplified to a fully fixed state because the boundary of the bursting disc in contact with the gripper has little effect on the bursting disc pressure during normal operation and blasting. Based on experimental analysis of bursting disc bursting pressure, the loading curve for bursting discs is designed through numerical simulation by increasing the load from 0.0 MPa to the maximum load (Pmax) over a specified time (0.0 s–T_max). Using the designed load curve, the influence of loading time on the simulation results is studied, and the optimal loading time is determined to be 0.3 s. This study also proposes an iterative optimization method for adjusting the loading amplitude. This approach is used to correct the fitting loading curve of the bursting pressure, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulated bursting pressure.

The maximum relative error between the simulation results and the experimental results is 7.08%. A method of calculating the bursting pressure based on the limit load time and loading time is proposed, combined with the load curve. A program for calculating the bursting pressure based on Abaqus’ secondary development technology is also compiled. Finally, the effects of the bridge length and thickness of DN50, DN80, and DN100 bursting discs on the bursting pressure are numerically and experimentally studied. The bursting pressure shows a linear relationship with bridge length and bursting disc thickness, and increases with increasing diameter. Using data fitting, the bursting disc pressure obtained from test and simulation is used to fit the functional relationship between bursting disc pressure and disc diameter, along with bridge length and thickness, enabling the prediction of bursting disc pressure for discs of any thickness and bridge length.

The research results can be used in teaching courses on numerical simulation in mechanical engineering and serve as a useful reference to help students establish and optimize boundary conditions, simulation methods, and analytical methods to achieve target results in simulation studies.