To compare the efficacy of posterior scleral reinforcement (PSR) surgery versus repeated low-level red light therapy (RLRL) treatment in controlling high and super high myopia (HM and SHM) of Chinese children.

This retrospective case analysis enrolled Chinese children with HM (-6.00 to -10.00 D; 76 children, 120 eyes) or SHM (<-10.00 D; 82 children, 114 eyes) according to spherical equivalent (SE). Each group was further subdivided into PSR subgroup [single-vision spectacle lenses (SVS) combined with PSR surgery], RLRL subgroup (SVS combined with RLRL therapy), and control subgroup (SVS alone). All participants were followed up at baseline, 3mo, 1, and 2y after treatment. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), axial length (AL), SE, and adverse reactions were evaluated.

A total of 158 children (234 eyes) aged 6–16y were enrolled consecutively. Baseline BCVA, AL and SE were comparable among subgroups in both HM and SHM groups (all P>0.05). In the PSR group, BCVA improved significantly at 1 and 2y in both myopia groups (all P<0.05); AL and SE were markedly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05), with no differences of BCVA, AL and SE improvements in HM and SHM groups (all P>0.05). In the RLRL group, BCVA was significantly improved at 1 and 2y, while AL shortened and SE decreased obviously from 3mo to 2y after treatment (all P<0.05); The SHM group showed greater BCVA improvement and AL reduction than the HM group at 1 and 2y, whereas SE improvement was similar between the two groups. In the control group, BCVA declined significantly, accompanied by continuous increases in AL and SE at the 2-year follow-up (all P<0.05).

PSR and RLRL effectively improve BCVA in children with HM and SHM. PSR slows AL and SE progression, whereas RLRL reduces AL and SE, with better BCVA and AL outcomes in SHM at 1 and 2y. Both interventions are safe without severe adverse events within 2y. As a non-surgical approach, RLRL has promising clinical value.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of conbercept combined with 577 nm subthreshold micropulse laser (STML) for treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME).

A retrospective study was conducted. From October 2022 to March 2024, 72 patients diagnosed with DME at the outpatient clinic were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups: the simple group (treated with conbercept alone) and the combination group (treated with 577 nm STML combined with conbercept). The following itmes were compared between the two groups: best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), vessel density of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), retinal mean sensitivity (RMS), injection numbers, and the number of cases with adverse effects.

The mean age of patients was 57.13±8.76 (range 34-77)y with DR history of 0.89±0.55y. With the progression of treatment, both groups showed significant improvements in BCVA, CMT, DCP vessel density, and RMS compared to baselines (all, P<0.05). At 3 and 6mo after treatment, the combination group exhibited significantly better outcomes in BCVA, CMT, DCP vessel density, and RMS than the simple group (P<0.05). During the treatment period, neither group showed significant improvements in FAZ and SCP vessel density (P>0.05), and no significant differences in FAZ and SCP vessel density were observed between the two groups (P>0.05). The average number of injections required in the combination group was lower than that in the simple group (3.33±0.68 vs 4.06±0.96, P<0.05). No other serious ophthalmic adverse events were observed in either group.

Conbercept combined with STML has better outcomes for treatment of DME and less intravitreal injections compared to conbercept monotherapy.

To analyze the efficacy and safety of subthreshold micropulse laser (SML) in the treatment of acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

This is a retrospective case analysis study. Totally 58 eyes of 58 patients were enrolled, and they were divided into different groups. And 39 patients were treated with SML (SML group) and 19 patients were only observed (observation group). The follow-up period was 3mo after diagnosis. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), superficial retinal vascular density (SRVD), deep retinal vascular density (DRVD), the superficial and deep foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, retinal light sensitivity (RLS), perfusion area of choroidal capillary layer (CCL), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) were investigated.

The BCVA, CRT, SRVD, DRVD, the superficial and deep FAZ area, RLS, SFCT of SML group were significantly improved at 3mo (all P<0.05). In the observation group, only CRT, DRVD and SFCT were improved (all P<0.05). Other research items in the observation group were not significantly different from baseline (all P>0.05). At the last follow-up, the BCVA and RLS in the SML group were better than those in the observation group, and CRT was lower, SRVD and DRVD, perfusion area of CCL were larger (all P<0.05). On FAF, no change of treatment spots was found after treatment. No structural laser damage was observed on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and no choroidal neovascularization was observed.

SML treatment of acute CSC can improve BCVA, RLS, and perfusion area of CCL, reduce CRT, increase SRVD and DRVD, and is safe.