To evaluate the therapeutic effect of baicalein topical preparation on atopic dermatitis, we first constructed two atopic dermatitis-like mouse models induced by calcipotriol and 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene to assess their therapeutic effect with skin tissue staining and other experiments. It was found that topical preparation of baicalein could alleviate epidermal thickening of diseased skin tissues, repair damaged skin barrier proteins, and inhibit T helper 2 cells (Th2) infiltration and mast cell infiltration and activation in lesional sites. Cyberpharmacology was utilized to analyze whether baicalein could treat atopic dermatitis by interfering with multiple pathogenesis-associated pathways. Results indicated that baicalein reduced the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and STAT1 proteins in keratinocyte cells. Together, the topical preparation of baicalein may be effective in alleviating atopic dermatitis-like symptoms in mice by down-regulating the phosphorylation level of NF-κB in keratinocytes, thereby decreasing the expression of inflammatory factors in keratinocytes, which provides an idea and a theoretical basis for the topical preparation of baicalein for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis.

Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease marked by excessive keratinocyte proliferation and aberrant activation of immune cells, resulting in clinical manifestations such as erythema, pruritus, and skin scaling. Although current treatments such as biologics, immunosuppressants, and phototherapy have demonstrated certain therapeutic efficacy, their application remains constrained by systemic side effects, limited drug permeability, and reduced long-term tolerability. Furthermore, the high relapse rate and suboptimal patient compliance contribute to considerable physical and psychological burdens. In recent years, nanomedicines have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for psoriasis due to their unique physicochemical properties, including small size, high payload, controllable release, and targeted delivery. By selectively modulating key cellular components, cytokines, and signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, nanomedicines have shown potential to achieve targeted, synergistic, and sustained therapeutic effects that are often difficult to attain with conventional formulations. This review aims to summarize recent advances in nanomedicine-based therapies for psoriasis, focusing on diverse therapeutic targets, thereby offering novel perspectives and directions for future development in this field.