In order to improve the pollutant resistance of satellite-borne absolute-to-be optical encoder, a method based on multiple references and probes is proposed. First, the composition and circuit design of the satellite-borne absolute-to-be optical encoder was introduced. Second, the data from several probes was combined and references were utilized to differentiate absolute angle shift. This solved the problem which is caused by contaminated circle grating. At last, angular curve and velocity were employed to prove this. The accuracy is tested using autocollimation and a 23-surface polyhedron. The outcome demonstrates its effectiveness. The biggest error is 4.6", the smallest error is −0.6", the pink is 5.2", and the RSME is 4.3". This method could meet the requirements and has been successfully applied in engineering. The proposed method has practical value for improving the oil pollution resistance of spaceborne quasi-absolute optical encoders.