The occurrence of oversized fragments during blasting operations significantly increases the cost of blasting, crushing, and hauling expenses. This study addressed the slab′ phenomenon observed in the blasting of intact hard rock at the Pingtanyuan Pumped Storage Power Station, where the oversized fragments of the surface blasting area was up to 6 m×5 m×2.5 m. Through comprehensive mechanism analysis, the investigation indicated that the quality of the stemming was the key reason for forming large fragments at the upper part. Meanwhile, the mechanism of its influence lies in the over-long stemming length of the original blasting scheme, which resulted in a low charge center, leading to insufficient energy distribution at the top of the blast hole. Furthermore, an oversized blasting fragments control measurement based on stemming quality optimization was proposed. The stemming length was optimized from 3~4 m to 2.1~2.4 m using a time-sharing piecewise calculation method and the optimization principle, which allowed the part of the stemming structure to rush out of the blast hole. Besides, the decontaminated rock chips were used as stemming material. The results show that the optimized scheme prevented the occurrence of the slab phenomenon, significantly reduced boulder rates, and saved rock breakage costs.