This study presents a physics-informed modelling framework that combines finite element method (FEM) simulations and supervised machine learning (ML) to predict the self-healing performance of microbial concrete. A FEniCS-based FEM platform resolves multiphysics phenomena including nutrient diffusion, microbial CaCO₃ precipitation, and stiffness recovery. These simulations, together with experimental data, are used to train ML models (Random Forest yielding normalized RMSE ≈ 0.10) capable of predicting performance over a wide range of design parameters. Feature importance analysis identifies curing temperature, calcium carbonate precipitation rate, crack width, bacterial strain, and encapsulation method as the most influential parameters. The coupled FEM-ML approach enables sensitivity analysis, design optimization, and prediction beyond the training dataset (consistently exceeding 90% healing efficiency). Experimental validation confirms model robustness in both crack closure and strength recovery. This FEM–ML pipeline thus offers a generalizable, interpretable, and scalable strategy for the design of intelligent, self-adaptive construction materials.

Zeolitic imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8) represents a notable subtype of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), characterized by tetrahedral and zeolite-like structures interconnected through Imidazolate anions. ZIF-8's outstanding attributes, including its expansive intra-crystalline surface area and robust chemical and thermal stability, have positioned it as a promising contender for carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture applications. The application of ZIF-8 in the membrane and composite fields involves utilizing ZIF-8 in the development and enhancement of membranes and composite materials for gas separation, catalysis, and sensing. This article serves as a comprehensive exploration of contemporary CO₂ capture technologies, elucidating their respective merits and demerits. Moreover, the review offers insights into the prevailing CO₂ adsorption techniques implemented across industries. Delving into ZIF-8 synthesis methods, the discourse encompasses diverse synthetic pathways. Experimental evidence, furnished through X-Ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy, validates ZIF-8's structure-activity correlation and morphological characteristics. We extend this review to encapsulate the parameters governing CO₂ adsorption by ZIF-8, delineating the key factors influencing its capture efficacy. Notably, we encompass CO₂ measurement protocols and techniques specific to ZIF-8. Additionally, we appraise the CO₂ adsorption potential of ZIF-8 within various composite and filter systems composed of distinct ZIFs. Culminating with an emphasis on ZIF-8's exceptional advantages for CO₂ capture, this review serves as a repository of insights into the unparalleled potential of ZIF-8 as a foundational material. Providing a succinct yet comprehensive overview, this article facilitates a rapid understanding of ZIF-8's transformative role in the realm of CO₂ capture.