The insufficient dispersion and random orientation of nanofillers in composite materials fundamentally constrain the enhancement of their tribological properties. To address these inherent limitations, a strategy was developed to assemble graphene oxide (GO) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) into three-dimensional graphene‒boron nitride hybrid (3DGB) architecture via directional freeze-casting, achieving controlled alignment of these components. The sheet-sheet integration of h-BN and graphene nanosheets facilitates structural stabilization of the 3DGB network through interfacial stress redistribution mechanisms, concurrently improving the fracture resistance characteristics. The fabricated 3DGB serves as an optimized framework substrate for epoxy resin (EP) composites in the resin transfer molding (RTM) method, yielding substantial improvements in the tribological properties while achieving synergistic enhancements in both the load-bearing capacity and interfacial adhesion. Comparative analysis demonstrated that the properties of the 3DGB/EP composites were enhanced in combination with those of the pristine epoxy. Specifically, their tensile strength and thermal conductivity increase by 37.5% and 33%, respectively, compared with those of pristine epoxy. Notably, 3DGB significantly increased the tribological performance of the epoxy, as evidenced by a 72.1% reduction in the kinetic friction coefficient and a 90.12% decrease in the specific wear rate. This strategy establishes a novel paradigm for the hierarchical design of high-performance composites and offers new insights into the integration of multicomponent two-dimensional (2D) fillers and tribology-based multifunctional composites.

Aqueous Zn-ion battery has emerged as one of the most prospective energy storage devices due to its low cost, high safety, and eco-friendliness. However, Zn-ion batteries are bottlenecked by significant capacity fading during long-term cycling and poor performance at high current rates. Here, we report an available cooperation of multivariate manganese oxides@carbon hybrids (MnO₂/MnO@C and MnO₂/Mn₃O₄@C) via a plasma-assisted design as an attractive Zn-ion cathode. Among them, the MnO₂/MnO@C cathode exhibits a reversible specific capacity of 165 mAh g⁻¹ over 200 cycles at a high rate of 0.5 A g⁻¹, and possesses great rate performance with high capacities of 110 and 100 mAh g⁻¹ at a high rate of 0.8 and 1 A g⁻¹, respectively. The good cathode performance significantly results from the facile charge transfer and ions (Zn²⁺ and H⁺) insertion in the manganese oxides/carbon hybrids featuring phase stability behavior in the available cooperation of multivalence and carbon conductive substrates. This work will promote the Zn-manganese dioxide system for the design of low-cost and high-performance aqueous rechargeable Zn-ion batteries.