As a sustainable and renewable energy source, geothermal energy holds significant potential for addressing global energy demands and mitigating climate change. However, the development of geothermal resources involves complex interactions among temperature, fluid flow, stress, and chemistry, collectively known as thermal-hydraulic-mechanical-chemical multiphysics coupling. This work aims to provide a comprehensive overview of such a coupling simulation in geothermal energy development, encompassing theoretical frameworks, numerical models, and practical applications. By integrating insights from various disciplines, this perspective contributes to advancing the understanding and optimization of geothermal energy extraction processes.