To alleviate the side effects of radiotherapy, amifostine, as the first FDA-approved radiation protectant, can be used to eliminate free radicals and regulate redox reactions. However, its application is limited by toxic side effects. Liposomes, as drug carriers, can efficiently encapsulate drugs and increase their concentration in tumor sites through passive targeting, reducing damage to normal tissues. Liposomes encapsulating antioxidant drugs can significantly inhibit ferroptosis caused by radiotherapy and alleviate lung and intestinal damage. Therefore, we prepared a novel nanomedicine with less toxic and highly effective radiation protectants based on liposome-encapsulated amifostine. By precisely regulating the ferroptosis pathway, it shows good radiation protection effects, providing a new strategy for the treatment of radiation pneumonitis and intestinal injury, and is expected to improve the quality of life and treatment outcomes of patients.