With the rapid development of medical data sharing, issues of privacy and ownership have become prominent, which have limited the scale of data sharing. To address the above challenges, we propose a blockchain-based data-sharing framework to ensure data security and encourage data owners to actively participate in sharing. We introduce a reliable attribute-based searchable encryption scheme that enables fine-grained access control of encrypted data and ensures secure and efficient data sharing. The revenue distribution model is constructed based on Shapley value to motivate participants. Additionally, by integrating the smart contract technology of blockchain, the search operation and incentive mechanism are automatically executed. Through revenue distribution analysis, the incentive effect and rationality of the proposed scheme are verified. Performance evaluation shows that, compared with traditional data-sharing models, our proposed framework not only meets data security requirements but also incentivizes more participants to actively participate in data sharing.