The effect of three fixation methods (steaming, microwave and blanching) on the sensory evaluation, chemical indicators, antioxidant activity and volatile components of citrus flower tea made from satsuma mandarin flowers was studied. The results showed that citrus flower tea prepared by microwave fixation for 60 s had better quality, which was uniform in shape and had a persistent strong floral aroma, and the tea infusion had a bright color and an intense citruslike flavor, contained the highest contents of polyphenols, flavonoids and soluble sugar, and possessed the strongest ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity. The major aroma substances of citrus flower tea were alcohols, aldehydes, terpenes and esters, among which β-elemene, γ-terpinene and linalool were the major volatile components. The three fixation methods had obvious effects on the aroma components of citrus flower tea. Indole, bergamot alcohol and nonanal were the characteristic aroma substances of citrus flower tea made by microwave fixation compared to the other fixation methods. The results of this study can provide useful information for the comprehensive development of citrus flowers and tea.

Gastrointestinal dysfunction can lead to a variety of gastrointestinal diseases, significantly affecting health. In this study, we aimed to explore the protective effect of black brick tea (BBT) infusion against acute and chronic gastrointestinal dysfunction in mice, which were induced by intragastric administration of 40% and 75% ethanol solutions, respectively. The results showed that compared with the model group, BBT infusion was effective in maintaining the morphology of the gastrointestinal mucosa, mitigating gastric mucosal damage, increasing the serum activity of superoxide dismutase, and reducing the concentrations of malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor α, and interlrukin 6. Additionally, BBT infusion effectively increased the gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate in chronic alcohol-exposed mice, as well as the serum contents of motilin and gastrin, while reducing the contents of vasoactive intestinal peptide and somatostatin. In conclusion, BBT infusion exhibited a protective effect on acute and chronic gastrointestinal dysfunction in mice, presumably regulating gastrointestinal hormone secretion, improving oxidative stress response and reducing inflammatory factor levels in serum.