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Far field refraction problem with loss of energy in negative refractive index material
Mathematics in Engineering 2026, 8(1): 98-139
Published: 15 February 2026
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This paper studies the far field refraction problem in negative refractive index material with loss of energy, which is a remaining problem in E. Stachura, Nonlinear Anal. 2017;157:76-103. The analysis is divided into two cases according to the relative refractive index κ, that is, κ < 1 and 1 < κ < 0. For each case, we use the Minkowski method to establish the existence of the weak solution when the target measure is either discrete or a finite Radon measure. Eventually, the inequality involving a Monge-Ampère type operator satisfied by the solution of the problem is derived, which is useful to understand this complex optical phenomenon.

Open Access Research Article Issue
Weak solutions of generated Jacobian equations
Mathematics in Engineering 2023, 5(3): 1-20
Published: 15 June 2023
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We prove two groups of relationships for weak solutions to generated Jacobian equations under proper assumptions on the generating functions and the domains, which are generalizations for the optimal transportation case and the standard Monge-Ampère case respectively. One group of weak solutions is Aleksandrov solution, Brenier solution and C-viscosity solution. The other group of weak solutions is Trudinger solution and L p -viscosity solution.

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