In this article, we investigate the dynamics of a stochastic HIV model with a Hill-type infection rate and distributed delay, which are better choices for mass action laws. First, we transform a stochastic system with weak kernels into a degenerate high-dimensional system. Then the existence of a stationary distribution is obtained by constructing a suitable Lyapunov function, which determines a sharp critical value $R_0^s$ corresponding to the basic reproduction number for the determined system. Moreover, the sufficient condition for the extinction of diseases is derived. More importantly, the exact expression of the probability density function near the quasi-equilibrium is obtained by solving the Fokker-Planck equation. Finally, numerical simulations are illustrated to verify the theoretical results.