To explore the influence of the lateral sloshing and the time-varying mass of the liquid in the tank on the ride comfort of the high-clearance sprayer, a spring-mass-damping equivalent mechanics that can describe the lateral sloshing of the liquid under different filling ratios was constructed based on the equivalent criterion. The Fluent was used to simulate the moment acting on the wall of the tank by the lateral sloshing of the liquid, and then the parameters of the equivalent mechanical model are obtained by fitting and solving. Comparative analysis of Fluent simulation and bench test on lateral sloshing of tank liquid under different filling ratios. The results show that the lateral sloshing trend of the tank liquid level obtained from the Fluent simulation and the bench test was consistent, which proved the accuracy of the Fluent fluid simulation process and the correctness of the required equivalent mechanical model parameters. Incorporating a liquid sloshing equivalent model, a four-degree-of-freedom vertical dynamic model of the sprayer half-car was established. Subsequently, the performance of the sprayer was systematically analyzed and compared under the excitation of a bump road and a random E-level road. This investigation took into account varying liquid filling ratios of 10%, 50%, and 90%. The focus lay on evaluating the vertical acceleration of the sprayer body, dynamic deflection of the suspension, and dynamic load on the tires in response to these road conditions. This analysis is conducted independently of the liquid sloshing factor. The results show that the lateral sloshing of the liquid medicine significantly reduces the ride smoothness of the machine, and makes the vibration response of the machine produce a certain hysteresis effect. With the reduction of the quality of the liquid medicine in the spray tank, the vibration amplitude of the sprayer body gradually decreases, the hysteresis effect is also gradually weakened. The results presented in this study offer a theoretical foundation for the analysis of ride comfort and the optimization of chassis structure in high-clearance sprayers.

Over the past 30 years, there has been continuous progress in global science and technology. However, many agricultural products still heavily rely on traditional methods of manual and mechanical harvesting, facing challenges such as high costs and low efficiency. To address these challenges, researchers have developed various harvesting robots to handle diverse tasks in complex farm environments. This study analyzed pertinent papers on harvesting robots retrieved from the Web of Science (WOS) core database and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, spanning the years 1993 to 2022. Using specialized software such as CiteSpace and VOSviewer, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to examine the research progress and hotspots in the field of harvesting robots. The analysis of 517 English papers indicated a continuous expansion in the research scale of harvesting robots. Furthermore, the research history can be divided into three distinct periods. Currently, research on harvesting robots is experiencing a rapid growth phase, with the number of related papers steadily increasing each year. In the year 2022 alone, 151 English papers were published. This growth is attributed to close collaborations among different countries/regions, institutions, and authors. China, the United States, and Japan play crucial roles in the research of harvesting robots. Notably, China has published 326 English papers, ranking first globally. Through analysis, it was also found that Chinese papers focused on harvesting robots earlier, thereby promoting the development of agricultural robots. Additionally, bibliometric analysis revealed that the research hotspots of harvesting robots mainly include system and structure design, object recognition and localization, and multi-robot coordination, among others. In the future, development trends of harvesting robots will focus on: 1) diversifying robot types, 2) expanding application scenarios,3) enhancing overall performance to reduce losses, and 4) reducing manufacturing costs. In conclusion, through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis, this study has provided valuable insights to advance the automation of harvesting.