Pipeline disasters have caused large losses to Nigeria in terms of economic, ecological, and human lives. A single incident can have devastating consequences for the environment, individuals, and communities. Research to date has recommended the significance of stakeholders, collaboration in overseeing these issues. This study examines the impacts of multi- stakeholders, collaboration on the management and mitigation of oil pipeline disasters in Nigeria, adopting the use of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The benefits of stakeholders, collaboration in the context of this study include but are not limited to: better information/intelligence sharing; improved decision-making; enhanced coordinated and timely intervention; improved response. The challenges associated with collaboration are: conflicts in shared responsibilities; inadequate resources; inadequate enforcement of environmental laws and guidelines; and inefficient communication systems. The goals of the collaborative pact will be effectively achieved if these challenges are properly addressed. This study recommends a framework for multi-stakeholders collaboration toward effective and efficient management and mitigation of oil pipeline disasters in Nigeria.

The effect of pipeline vandalism among other pipeline disasters has been drastic on the Nigerian economy. The research aims to examine the level of awareness of stakeholders on the immediate and remote causes of pipeline disasters in Nigeria. This involved comprehensive review of literature along with semi-structured and open-ended interviews (as a pilot study) to enrich and strengthen the literature in Nigerian context and subsequently follow-up with semi-structured questionnaire survey; analyzed through content analysis using both descriptive and inferential statistics. In the methodology, three levels were adopted: confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), measurement model and structural model in the carrying out of structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis. The CFA analyzes the relationship between the dominant's variables and their related indicators. Based on the analysis carried out, activities of vandals has the highest influence on pipeline disasters. Human impacts resulting from pipeline disasters are very significant in Nigeria. Also, ecological impacts resulting from pipeline disasters have been extremely significant in Nigeria. There is high level of awareness of pipeline disasters among the different stakeholders interviewed.

Multi Stakeholders collaboration becomes imperative when a single agency such as the NNPC or the Oil Companies alone cannot adequately address a recurring menace such as oil pipeline disasters. Thus, agencies such as National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), NOSDRA, FMHDSD, Fire Service, Oil Companies, Health and Security agencies, the Media and Academia, as well the Community must seek to promote cooperation in order to achieve successful oil pipeline disaster policy implementation. To achieve this goal efficiently and effectively, a framework for stakeholders* collaboration in the management and mitigation of oil pipeline disasters in Nigeria was developed in this study, following a logical path and adopting the use of interviews conducted among the main stakeholders and with industry experts. In a bid to achieve an un-biased opinion, questionnaires and document analysis of data obtained from secondary sources was carried out.

A framework for the mitigation of oil pipeline disasters before, during and after disaster occurrence was developed. The framework captures the relevant stakeholders as well as their roles in disaster mitigation.