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On eigenfunctions corresponding to first non-zero eigenvalue of the sphere Sn(c) on a Riemannian manifold
AIMS Mathematics 2024, 9(12): 34272-34288
Published: 15 December 2024
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We recall classical themes such as "on hearing the shape of a drum" or "can one hear the shape of a drum?", and the discovery of Milnor, who constructed two flat tori which are isospectral but not isometric. In this article, we consider the question of finding conditions under which an n-dimensional closed Riemannian manifold (Mn,g) having a non-zero eigenvalue nc for a positive constant c (that is, has same non-zero eigenvalue as first non-zero eigenvalue of the sphere Sn(c)), is isometric to Sn(c). We address this issue in two situations. First, we consider the compact (Mn,g) as the hypersurface of the Euclidean space (Rn+1,,) with isometric immersion f:(Mn,g) (Rn+1,,) and a constant unit vector a such that the function ρ=f,a satisfying Δρ=ncρ for a positive constant c is isometric to Sn(c) if and only if (Mn,g) is isometric to Sn(c) provided the integral of Ricci curvature Ric(ρ,ρ) has an appropriate lower bound. In the second situation, we consider that the compact (Mn,g) admits a non-trivial concircular vector field ξ with potential function σ satisfying Δσ=ncσ for a positive constant c and a specific function f related to ξ (called circular function) is constant along the integral curves of ξ if and only if (Mn,g) is isometric to Sn(c).

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