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Open Access Research Article Issue
Hybrid ideals in near-subtraction semigroups
AIMS Mathematics 2022, 7(7): 13493-13507
Published: 15 July 2022
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The fuzzy set is highly beneficial for expressing people's hesitations in their everyday lives, and it is a great tool for dealing with uncertainty, which can be described precisely and perfectly from the decision-maker's point of view. Soft set theory has been developed in recent years to address real-world issues. Jun et al. merged fuzzy and soft sets to produce hybrid structures. Hybrid structures are soft set and fuzzy set speculations. The concept of hybrid ideals in near-subtraction semigroups is introduced in this paper, and their equivalent results are obtained. Additionally, we demonstrate the concept of hybrid intersection. Moreover, we define the concept of homomorphism of a hybrid structure in a near-subtraction semigroup.

Open Access Article Issue
SR-fuzzy subalgebras and ideals in BCK/BCI-algebras
Fuzzy Information and Engineering 2025, 17(4): 395-407
Published: 12 December 2025
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This paper introduces the concepts of SR-fuzzy subalgebras and ideals within the framework of BCK/BCI-algebras. SR-fuzzy subalgebras are defined and illustrated with various examples to elucidate their structure and behaviour under different operations in BCK/BCI-algebras. The research explores the properties of SR-fuzzy subalgebras and ideals, investigating their interrelationships and establishing that every SR-fuzzy ideal is an SR-fuzzy subalgebra, although the reverse is not necessarily true. Conditions under which an SR-fuzzy subalgebra qualifies as an SR-fuzzy ideal are also discussed. Through various examples, this paper illustrates these concepts and highlights potential areas for further exploration. This study contributes to the expanding literature on fuzzy sets and their applications in algebraic structures, offering insights that may benefit future research endeavours.

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