To reveal the spatial differentiation law of the ecological service value of typical sand-land governance modes in the middle reaches of the Heihe river, the characteristics of the adaptability of the six sand-land governance modes, and to provide a scientific basis for the optimization of the models and spatial optimization allocation of regional sand-land governance, and to promote the maximization of ecological restoration benefits and regional sustainable development.

This study analyzed the spatial differentiation characteristics of different governance modes through the processes of questionnaire survey, expert scoring, literature review, field investigation, indoor detection and data analysis. A multi-level ecological service value assessment mode for governance patterns was constructed based on the principles of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the weights of evaluation indicators. According to the weighted quantitative scoring and ranking of the 11 indicators in the evaluation system with 5 dimensions, the governance effect, economic benefit, and service value of the land desertification governance modes in the study area are analyzed and evaluated, and the preferred modes are selected.

1) The ecological service values of different modes exhibit significant differences: the grape-based integrated mode stands out in economic value; the Haloxylon ammodendron-Cistanche deserticola mode demonstrates the best ecological benefits; the Lycium barbarum complex mode shows good balance, with clear coordinated development of economic and ecological benefits; the Jerusalem artichoke complex mode performs exceptionally well under specific site conditions, achieving the highest soil improvement and water-saving efficiency among all modes, although its economic output is relatively low; the Xanthoceras sorbifolium complex mode maintains balanced and stable performance across all indicators, lacking outstanding advantages but being an ideal choice for transitional zones due to its drought tolerance and woody oilseed potential; the ecological livestock farming mode delivers notable short-term benefits through a “forage-livestock-fertilizer” cycle that enables rapid returns, though carrying capacity must be strictly controlled; 2) Based on the comprehensive evaluation of ecological service value based on AHP, the order of the ecological service value scores of the 6 ecological governance modes is: Haloxylon ammodendron-Cistanche deserticola mode (comprehensive score of 88.9) > grape composite mode (85.6) > Jerusalem artichoke complex mode (82.8) > Lycium barbarum complex mode (80.5) > ecological farming mode (78.6) > X. sorbifolia complex mode (75.2).

Different governance modes exhibit significant complementarity in their ecosystem service functions: the Haloxylon ammodendron-Cistanche icola mode excels in ecological barrier function, the grape composite mode leads in economic output, and the Jerusalem artichoke composite mode demonstrates excellent performance in saline-alkali improvement and water conservation, while the remaining modes possess applicable value under specific site conditions. Based on multi-criteria comprehensive evaluation using the AHP, the Haloxylon amodendron-Cistanche deserticola mode, the grape composite mode, and the Jerusalem artichoke composite mode were selected as the optimal regional governance paradigms. Accordingly, a spatial scheme based on ecological functional zoning is proposed: developing a Haloxylon ammodendron-Cistanche deserticola ecological-economic system in the transition, deploying water-saving grape industries in the water-proximal zone, and promoting Jerusalem artichoke-Xanthoceras sorbifolia composite restoration in the salt-alkali zone.

The soil water content of different land types in the typical desert-oasis transition zone of Hexi Corridor and Zhangye City, Gansu Province were taken as the research objects to clarify the dynamic changes of soil water content and its relationship with climatic factors, and to reveal the spatial heterogeneity, dynamic changes and the interaction between soil water content and climatic factors in this region, and to provide theoretical basis local ecological protection and desertification prevention and control.

Through field sampling, indoor experiments, data analysis and processing, the changes of soil water content in the and saline-alkali areas of the desert-oasis transition zone in 0-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80 cm soil layers were analyzed. The correlation between climatic factors and soil water content was analyzed by Pearson bivariate correlation analysis and the response degree of soil water content to climatic factors was analyzed by grey correlation method.

1) The soil water content in the desert area generally low, with relatively high water content in the 0-20 cm soil layer, which decreased with the increase of depth; the soil water content in the-alkali area was generally high, with the water content increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of depth, and the water content in the 40-60 cm soil layer was the highest. The coefficient of variation of soil water content in different soil layers was at a low level of variation, indicating that its change was stable. The soil water content in the desert and saline-alkali areas showed different change trends in different months, with the highest water content in the 40-60 cm soil layer in the desert area and the lowest in the 60-80 cm soil layer; the highest water content in the saline-alk area was in the 40-60 cm or 60-80 cm soil layer, and the lowest was in the 0-20 cm layer; 2) Soil water content was significantly positively correlated with precipitation and relative humidity, and negatively correlated with wind speed, evaporation and temperature to varying degrees.ipitation and relative humidity had a significant effect on soil water content in the desert area, and precipitation and evaporation had a prominent effect in the saline-alkali, and the grey correlation analysis further revealed the greater effect of relative humidity and precipitation on soil water content in different soil layers.

The soil water content the desert area was generally low, while that in the saline-alkali area was generally high. The soil water content of different land types showed different change trends in months, and there were differences among the soil layers, but the overall change was relatively stable. The distribution of soil water content was affected by seasonal precipitation, evaporation soil texture.

To establish a scientific and reasonable evaluation system of Xanthoceras sorbifolia resources in Hexi, Gansu Province, and to make comprehensive evaluation and screening of excellent varieties of Xanthoceras sorbifolia suitable for local application, to provide a theoretical basis for the development of Xanthoceras sorbifolia ecological industry in arid and semi-arid regions of Hexi Corridor.

Using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to build an analytical model to calculate the index weight, using the principle of grey relational grade analysis (GRA) to build “Ideal varieties” and reference series, and calculating the weighted grey relational grade, the 17 introduced new germplasm were evaluated and sorted from adaptability, ornamental and high yield, and finally completed comprehensive evaluation and screening.

On the basis of verifying the rationality of the analytic hierarchy process AHP-RRB- model, the weight values obtained were used to calculate the weighted correlation degree of each germplasm evaluation index, the results showed that the weighted correlation degree of SW-2, SH-2, NSJH, NSZH, LD was above 0.8 (including 0.8) and classified as Grade I germplasm NSF, LX, ZS-7, ZS-9, SW-1, SH-5, SH-5 were classified as Grade II germplasm according to the weighted grey correlation between 0.7 and 0.8(including 0.7). The weighted grey correlation degree of SKX, NH-1, ZS-4, LG-4, LG-8, ZS-1 was less than 0.7 and classified as Grade III germplasm.

The grade I germplasm has high ornamental value, high seed yield, large oil yield and strong adaptability, and its comprehensive scores are close to “Ideal variety” grade II plants have either high ornamental value, general oil potential and low yield, or high yield and good oil yield, but general ornamental value. In a word, their comprehensive characters are slightly worse than those of grade I plants, the germplasm with high ornamental value should be applied in urban landscaping, and the germplasm with high yield and oil yield should be widely planted in Xanthoceras sorbifolia industrial development base, it is suitable for high yield garden, grade III germplasm has poor comprehensive characters, and its ornamental value, yield and oil yield are all average, but this kind of planting is not suitable for local planting, or need to do further introduction and domestication and screening work.