The purpose of the present investigation is to explore the implications of Cross fluid in a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium due to the tri-hybrid nanofluid past a porous cylinder. Thermal radiation, heat generation, thermal convection, solutal convective and chemical reaction have been encountered in this analysis. Entropy generation has been accounted for under the fluidic friction, heat rate analysis, and porosity analysis. Three different nanoparticles of multiwall carbon nanotube ( $\text{MWCNT}$), aluminum oxide ( $\text{A}{\text{l}}_2{\text{O}}_3$), and silver ( $\text{Ag}$) are utilized to illustrate the tri-hybrid nanofluid flow with Ethlene Glycol ( $\text{EG}$) as the base fluid. The governance model, consisting of linked inadequate differential conditions, is transformed into an ordinary configuration of nonlinear coupled differential conditions by acceptable adjustments. The obtained outcomes in combination with the bvp4c approach are then used to resolve the generated ODEs. For discussion purposes, the impacts of the physical limitations on temperature profile, velocity, and concentration have also been illustrated. Numerical results have been obtained for the diffusion rate, heat transfer rate, drag force, and other factors. While the Forchheimer parameter and the inclination angle reduce the fluid flow’s velocity, the Biot number of heat and mass transfer influences the fluid’s temperature. According to the findings, hybrid nanofluid is the most effective way to improve heat transmission and may also be utilized for cooling. Three different kinds of nanofluids were used in a comparative examination to clarify the study’s conclusions. Changes in viscosity and porousness caused the nanofluids’ velocity to drop by 13.12% and 15.8%, respectively; however, trihybrid nanofluids with improved convection showed a 13.12% rise.

The need for efficient thermal energy systems has gained significant attention due to the growing global concern about renewable energy resources, particularly in residential buildings. One of the biggest challenges in this area is capturing and converting solar energy at maximum efficiency. This requires the use of strong materials and advanced fluids to enhance conversion efficiency while minimizing energy losses. Despite extensive research on thermal energy systems, there remains a limited understanding of how the combined effects of thermal radiation, irreversibility processes, and advanced heat flux models contribute to optimizing solar power performance in residential applications. Addressing these knowledge gaps is critical for advancing the design and implementation of highly efficient thermal energy systems. Owing to its usage, this study investigates the thermal energy and irreversibility processes in the context of solar power systems for residential buildings. Specifically, it explores the influence of thermal radiation and the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model, considering the interactions over a stretching surface. The study incorporates cross fluid and Maxwell fluid effects into the governing model equations. Utilizing the Galerkin-weighted residual method, the transformed model is solved to understand the impacts on heat distribution. The findings reveal that increased thermal radiation and thermal conductivity significantly enhance heat distribution, offering valuable insights for optimizing solar power system efficiency in residential applications.