In this study, high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs) were prepared using soybean isolate protein microgel particles, which were prepared by gel disruption, as a stabilizer. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) showed that the oil droplets were encapsulated within protein particles, and some of them were observed to exhibit a polyhedral morphology due to stacking, which is a typical feature of typical O/W-type HIPPEs. Increasing oil content and protein particle concentration improved the viscosity, storage modulus and gel strength of the system, which endowed the emulsion with 3D printing ability. When the oil content was 75% and the protein particle concentration was 3.0%, the accuracy and stability of the printed model were 93.35% and 98.72%, respectively. The results of this study indicated that HIPPEs can be used as an effective ink for 3D printing of food products, which provide a theoretical basis for expanding the application of 3D printing in the food field.

Peanut varieties are diverse globally, with their characters and nutrition determining the product quality. However, the comparative analysis and statistical analysis of key quality indicators for peanut kernels across the world remains relatively limited, impeding the comprehensive evaluation of peanut quality and hindering the industry development on a global scale. This study aimed to compare and analyze the apparent morphology, microstructure, single-cell structure, engineering and mechanical properties, as well as major nutrient contents of peanut kernels from 10 different cultivars representing major peanut-producing countries. The surface and cross-section microstructure of the peanut kernels exhibited a dense “blocky” appearance with a distinct cellular structure. The lipid droplets were predominantly spherical with a regular distribution within the cells. The single-cell structure of the kernels from these 10 peanut cultivars demonstrated varying morphologies and dimensions, which exhibited correlations with their mechanical and engineering properties. Furthermore, the mass loss versus temperature profiles of the peanut kernels revealed five distinct stages, corresponding to moisture loss, volatile loss, protein denaturation, and the degradation of various biomacromolecules. Variations were also observed in the lipid, protein, and sucrose contents, texture, bulk density, true density, porosity, geometric mean diameter, and sphericity among the different peanut varieties. This study establishes relationships and correlations among microstructure, engineering properties, and nutritional composition of commonly grown peanut varieties in major peanut-processing countries. The findings provide valuable insights into peanut quality evaluation, empowering the peanut industry to enhance their processing and product development efforts.