Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (AMK), commonly known as Baizhu, is a medicinal and edible plant. Researchers have identified over 77 metabolites in AMK. Many studies have demonstrated the diverse pharmacological activities of AMK, including enhancing gastrointestinal function; modulating immune responses; regulating hormonal secretion; and exerting antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiaging, antioxidant, antiosteoporotic, antibacterial, and neuroprotective effects.