In recent years, molecular imaging and precise theranostics have appeared frequently in the Top 10 international hot frontiers in the field of clinical medicine, including accurate diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer targeting prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Molecular imaging-guided theranostics is a rapidly developing field, which is feasible to find one or more molecular probes for any disease-specific target to observe the in vivo expression and dynamic changes through molecular imaging.The molecular imaging can be applied to accurate diagnosis of diseases, guiding precise therapeutic radionuclide therapy, targeted drugs, and optical imaging-guided surgery. Therefore, it has a great prospect of clinical application and deserves a close attention by the majority of medical researchers and professionals.

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) specifically uses radiolabeled peptides as biological targeting vectors designed to deliver cytotoxic levels of radiation dose to cancer cells that overexpress specific receptors. In recent years, how to further improve the efficacy of radiotherapeutic drugs for PRRT has been an international research hotspot.The peptides with Evans blue motif, uses endogenous albumin as a reversible carrier to effectively extend the half-life in the blood and substantially increase targeted accumulation and retention within the tumor to achieve better efficacy. This review focuses on the clinical translational research of Evans blue modified peptides used for theranostics.