The balance of scalp microecological environment is very important to scalp health. Some scalp disorders may be associated with the imbalance of microbial communities. As beneficial live microorganisms, probiotics can regulate the intestinal flora, and then affect the immune system of the scalp through the gut-skin axis, which have a positive impact on the health of the scalp. Studies have shown that probiotics have the potential to maintain scalp health. This paper summarizes the mechanism of action of probiotics on the skin and their auxiliary role in regulating hair loss and dander.