Pain is one of the most common symptoms in pancreatic cancer patients. Pancreatic cancer-related pain has various sources and complex mechanisms, which seriously affects patients' quality of life and adversely affects their prognosis. Effective pain management may prolong the survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Since the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer-related pain has not been elucidated, part of the pain management may be based on the mechanism, and part of the pain management may be based on physician's experience only. This article discusses both the pathophysiological classification and treatment strategies of pancreatic cancer-related pain, with the aim of providing reference for clinical analgesic practice in pancreatic cancer.
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Postoperative pain, a common problem in perioperative management, has negative impact on patients' experience and functional recovery. The development of postoperative pain is not only related to direct surgical trauma, but also a series of preventable perioperative risk factors, among which perioperative sleep quality should not be neglected. In recent years, more and more researches have indicated that poor perioperative sleep quality is a risk factor for both acute and chronic postoperative pain, and some researches have even pointed out that sleep quality can directly influence patients' pain threshold. Therefore, this review aims to summarize current research progress on the influence of perioperative sleep quality on postoperative pain, hoping to provide reference for improving the perioperative pain management for patients.
To identify the risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in surgical patients undergoing patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA).
Our study was a retrospective cohort study, including patients who underwent surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from July 1 to October 31, 2023 and received PCIA after surgery. Patient characteristics, medical history, surgical information, intraoperative medication information, postoperative analgesia follow-up information were obtained through the electronic medical record system. The patients were divided into PCIA-PONV group and non-PCIA-PONV group, depending on the occurrence of PONV during PCIA, and all patients were also divided into PCIA-POV group and non-PCIA-POV according to whether postoperative vomiting (POV) occurred. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for PCIA-PONV and PCIA-POV.
A total of 1373 patients were included in this study, with 676 cases in PCIA-PONV group. The incidence of PCIA-PONV was 49.2%. There were 285 patients in PCIA-POV group, and the incidence of PCIA-POV was 20.8%. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female (OR=2.134, 95% CI: 1.590-2.865, P < 0.001) and abdominal surgery (OR=1.655, 95% CI: 1.253-2.186, P < 0.001) were risk factors for PCIA-PONV, whereas the increase of age (OR=0.990, 95% CI: 0.982-0.998, P=0.019) and the increase of BMI (OR=0.961, 95% CI: 0.932-0.991, P=0.012) were protective factors for PCIA-PONV. Female (OR=2.646, 95% CI: 1.754-3.992, P < 0.001), history of general anesthesia (OR=1.372, 95% CI: 1.042-1.806, P=0.024), and intraoperative use of high-dose opioids (OR=1.607, 95% CI: 1.206-2.142, P=0.001) were risk factors for PCIA-POV, whereas no intraoperative use of neuromuscular blocking antagonists (OR=0.393, 95% CI: 0.237-0.651, P < 0.001) was protective factor for PCIA-POV.
Our study reveals the risk factors for PONV in surgical patients undergoing PCIA, and shows that comprehensive preoperative assessment and reasonable perioperative management strategies are significant in the prevention of PCIA-PONV.
To investigate the occurrence of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) among patients with preoperative COVID-19, and further analyze the risk factors for CPSP.
This study was a ambispective cohort study, with subjects from a completed cohort study with follow-up. We included the clinical data of the patients with preoperative COVID-19 who underwent surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from December 1, 2022 to February 28, 2023. Follow-up was conducted up to 6 months postoperatively, with the primary outcome being CPSP. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between COVID-19-related exposure indicators and CPSP.
A total of 4117 surgical patients were included, all of whom had preoperative COVID-19. Among them, 4002 cases had mild symptoms during the acute phase, 62 cases had severe symptoms, and 53 cases were critically ill. At 6th month postoperatively, 1298 cases (31.53%) had long COVID-19 syndrome, and the incidence of CPSP was 5.59% (95% CI: 4.88%-6.28%). After adjusting for confounding factors including age, gender, comorbidities, anesthesia method, and type of surgery, multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that critically ill COVID-19 during the acute phase (aOR=3.35, 95% CI: 1.48-7.62, P < 0.001) and presence of long COVID-19 syndrome postoperatively (aOR=2.50, 95% CI: 1.90-3.29, P < 0.001) were associated with CPSP.
It is clear for the first time that critically ill COVID-19 during the acute phase and the presence of long COVID-19 syndrome postoperatively are the risk factors for CPSP among patients with preoperative COVID-19.
A difficult airway is one of the common clinical problems in anesthesia management, which is closely related to the safety and quality of anesthesia. Standardizing the management of patients with difficult airways is an important part of anesthesia. As many international academic organizations have successively issued a number of practice guidelines or expert consensuses, the ability to deal with difficult airways by medical staff is constantly improving. In January 2022, the 2022 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway was released, which updated the contents of the evaluation, preparation, management and other aspects of difficult airways. With a view to providing clinical reference for the standardized management of difficult airways, this paper makes a detailed interpretation on the key points of the guideline from the perspective of anesthesiology.
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