To investigate the impact of mild-to-moderate frailty on the long-term prognosis of hospitalized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).

A retrospective cohort study was designed, which contains T2DM patients aged ≥65 years and hospitalized in the Department of Geriatrics at Peking Union Medical College Hospital(PUMCH) from 2014 to 2022. Frailty status of those T2DM patients was assessed using the Clinical Frailty Scale(CFS), and the data of comorbidities, functional status, nutritional indices, and geriatric syndromes were collected. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality, with secondary endpoints including rehospitalization rate and severe disability. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to analyze the association between mild-to-moderate frailty and outcomes.

A total of 367 elderly T2DM patients were enrolled, comprising 164 males(44.7%) and 203 females(55.3%), with an age ranging from 65 to 93 years(median age 74 years). According to the CFS assessment, 115 patients(31.3%) were identified as mild-to-moderate frailty(including 56 with mild frailty and 59 with moderate frailty). During a follow-up period of 2.3-10.3 years(median 5.6 years), the frail group exhibited significantly higher rates of severe disability, unscheduled rehospitalization, and all-cause mortality compared to the non-frail group. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that mild-to-moderate frailty was an independent risk factor for severe disability(HR=4.82, 95% CI: 1.57-14.79, P=0.006).

The presence of mild-to-moderate frailty significantly increases the risk of long-term adverse outcomes. Clinical practice is recommended to strengthen frailty screening and comprehensive intervention for elderly T2DM patients to improve their quality of life and clinical outcomes.

To investigate the collective influence of sarcopenia on the extended prognosis of hospitalized elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).

Patients with T2DM aged 65 years and older, who were admitted to the Geriatrics Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2017 and January 2021, were consecutively enrolled in the study. The presence of sarcopenia was evaluated based on the diagnostic criteria established by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia(AWGS) in 2014. Additionally, assessments were made on the patients' comorbidities, functional status, nutritional status, and geriatric syndromes. Follow-up was conducted through outpatient visits and telephone calls to monitor outcomes such as severe disability, rehospitalization, and all-cause mortality. Cox regression analysis was performed to investigate the impact of concurrent sarcopenia on the long-term prognosis of hospitalized elderly individuals with T2DM.

A total of 244 elderly inpatients with T2DM who met specific criteria were included in the study, comprising 110 males(45.1%) and 134 females(54.9%), with ages ranging from 65 to 93 years and a median age of 74 years. Sarcopenia was observed in 25.4%(62/244) of patients. Over a follow-up period of three to seven years(median 5.6 years), elderly T2DM patients with sarcopenia exhibited significantly higher rates of severe disability, rehospitalization, and all-cause death compared to those without sarcopenia(all P < 0.001). Cox regression analysis, adjusting for gender, age, and comorbidities, revealed that sarcopenia was a significant predictor of severe disability(HR=4.693, 95% CI: 1.253-17.579, P=0.022), rehospitalization(HR=1.755, 95% CI: 1.053-2.926, P=0.031), and all-cause death(HR=2.255, 95% CI: 1.078-4.713, P=0.031). Additionally, the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index emerged as an independent risk factor for all-cause death(HR=1.237, 95% CI: 1.046-1.464, P=0.013).

The prevalence of sarcopenia is notably high among hospitalized elderly patients with T2DM, greatly affecting their long-term prognosis. It is imperative for clinicians to prioritize screening and implement interventions for sarcopenia in elderly T2DM patients to improve their quality of life and overall prognosis.

To examine the global research trends and emerging focal points in the field ofgeriatric interdisciplinary team (GIT) from 2000 to 2023, so as to offer insights and reference for related research in China.

English literature related to GIT published from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2023 were searched in the Web of Science database. The literature information was extracted using VOSviewer 1.6.18 software to create a cooperation network diagram highlighting high-producing countries/regions and research institutions, as well as a high-frequency keyword table. CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software was used to analyze the co-occurrence and clustering of authors, research institutions, countries/regions, etc., and the "bibliometrix" package of R was used to analyze the characteristics of high-frequency keywords in the literature.

A total of 965 GIT-related documents including 921 original articles and 44 reviews were gathered. There was a noticeable rise in annual publications over time. The United States led in publication quantity (357 articles, 37.0%) and total citations (8656). The University of Michigan was highlighted as the top research institution with 27 articles (2.8%). Author Johan Flamaing from the University of Leuven in Belgium had the highest output with 12 articles (1.2%) and the highest co-citation frequency(163 times). The Journal of the American Geriatrics Society had the highest number of GIT -related publications with 72 articles (7.5%). Collaboration in this field mainly involved authors and institutions from developed countries, displaying distinct geographical patterns. Key themes included elderly (346 times), frailty (71 times), geriatric assessment (68 times), comprehensive geriatric assessment (60 times), and hip fractures (48 times).

In the last two decades, research on GIT has garnered significant attention within the discipline. Developed countries, particularly the United States, have taken a leading role in this field. Presently, GIT research is centered on conducting comprehensive geriatric assessments and implementing corresponding interventions for elderly patients with frailty and hip fractures. Additionally, research is focused on GIT interventions for addressing potentially inappropriate medication use and preventing falls in the elderly, as well as managing elderly patients with tumors, dementia, and delirium. The exploration of interventions remains a key area of interest in current research. In the future, there is potential for conducting more high-quality qualitative research related to GIT interventions for elderly patients receiving long-term care or home care, as well as for enhancing geriatric medicine teaching in GIT.