The air shock wave generated by tunnel blasting will not only endanger the safety of workers and construction machinery in the tunnel, but also affect the stability of surrounding rock and lining structure. Reasonable control of the generation and propagation of air shock wave is important to ensure the safety of tunnel blasting construction. This article summarizes the research progress on the propagation regularities, harmful effects, prediction methods, and control measures of air shock waves in tunnel blasting in recent years, focusing on the propagation law and control technology of tunnel drilling and blasting shock waves. Several representative air shock wave overpressure prediction formulas were selected, the prediction accuracy of different formulas under different blasting conditions was calculated, and the applicable conditions of different formulas were analyzed. The research trend of tunnel air shock wave is prospected from the aspects of tunnel air shock wave overpressure prediction method, air shock wave evolution law research and air shock wave active prevention and control device.

The matching relationship between explosives and rocks is crucial for improving the energy utilization efficiency of explosives, enhancing blasting effectiveness, and reducing costs. Firstly, this study analyzed the energy distribution during drilling and blasting operations. Then, the damage zone calculation model was revised considering the non-ideal detonation characteristics of explosives and the strain rate effect on rocks. And an on-site mixed explosives and rock matching model was then developed based on the control of energy transmission efficiency. Finally, field experiments were conducted to verify the rationality of the new explosive-rock matching method. The results show that the new method is more scientific and reasonable than traditional methods, and can intuitively reflect the blasting fragmentation effect and energy utilization efficiency, by taking account of the non-ideal detonation behavior of mixed explosives and the strain rate effects on rock damage partition. Blasting fragmentation tests under various explosive-rock matching conditions revealed discrepancies with the traditional wave impedance theory. By applying the new explosive-rock matching method, the percentage of fines was significantly reduced, and the boulder yield decreased from 6.7% to below 1%, further validating the method's effectiveness.