Solar arrays can convert light energy into electrical energy as an important component of spacecraft energy systems. And solar cells made of photovoltaic effect are an important carrier of energy acquisition. Through the development and application from Si solar cell to GaAs solar cell and from single junction to multi-junction technology, this review analyzed the current situation and bottlenecks of various space solar cells combined with the lattice mismatch, multi-node growth, flip-chip structure and thin film solar cell preparation technology. According to the structural composition and rigidity of the substrate, the characteristics and future development directions of body-mounted, rigid, semi-rigid, flexible and concentrator solar arrays were described to provide a technical support for the realization of high efficiency, light weight, high quality power ratio battery circuit energy function.