Three-dimensional digital reconstruction of ancient ceramic artifacts is of great significance for the repair of precious damaged objects and assembly of numerous fragments and the restoration of artifacts. This paper is aimed to provide an overview of research progress in the principles and methods of three-dimensional digital reconstruction of damaged ancient ceramics over the past decade, including iterative matching, edge curve fitting, virtual contouring, axis positioning and pro file thickness fitting. Combining practical problems encountered during the three-dimensional digital reconstruction process of ancient ceramics, this paper analyzes the applicability of each method and proposes an approach for confirming individual artifact fragments. In the future, the accuracy and visualization of digital models of different artifacts must also be considered for the three-dimensional digital reconstruction of ancient ceramics.