This study examined the effects of varying reutilization periods of substrate on its physical and chemical properties and the growth and development of strawberries in a greenhouse. The research focused on a specialized substrate formula that had been reused for either two or four years, utilizing the ‘Hongyan’ and ‘Xiangye’ strawberry varieties as test subjects. A range of parameters was assessed, including the substrate’s physical and chemical properties, photosynthetic performance, fruit quality, and strawberry yield. The results indicated that for the ‘Hongyan’ strawberry, the bulk density of the substrate that had been reused for four years was higher than that of the substrate reused for two years. However, there were no significant differences observed in total porosity,aeration porosity,water holding porosity, or air-to-water ratio between the two substrate durations. Additionally, parameters such as soluble solids content, Vitamin C content, total acid content, and fruit yield did not show significant differences for ‘Hongyan’ strawberries. Conversely, for ‘Xiangye’ strawberries, there were no significant differences in the physical properties of the substrates reused for two years versus those reused for four years. Notably, the yield of ‘Xiangye’ strawberries grown in the substrate reused for four years experienced a significant reduction of 26.86% compared to that of the substrate reused for two years (p<0.05). These findings suggest that the impact of different reutilization periods varies among strawberry varieties. The specialized substrate can be effectively reused for certain varieties that exhibit strong adaptability and resistance within a specified timeframe, helping to lower costs and facilitate substrate reutilization. This approach holds considerable practical application and potential for advancement in the realm of strawberry substrate cultivation and production.
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To clarify the effects of catch crop decomposition liquid on the growth and blight of continuous pepper seedlings, and to provide the theoretical basis and technical support for wheat and broad bean catch crop to alleviate the continuous cropping obstacles of peppers.
Pepper and pepper continuous cropping soil were used as the research object. Firstly, seven catch crop treatments were set up, including wheat (A), broad bean (B), large-leafed skunk cabbage (C), wheat and broad bean mixture (AB), wheat and large-leafed skunk cabbage mixture (AC), broad bean and large-leafed skunk cabbage mixture (BC), and wheat, broad bean and large-leafed skunk cabbage mixture (ABC), and the non-catch crops were used as the control (CK). Study the effects of different treatments on the pepper growth and blight. Secondly, in order to ascertain the role of its catch crop decomposition liquid in promoting growth and disease control, four treatments with different concentrations of wheat and broad bean mixture straw decomposition liquid (0.01, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.07 g·mL-1) were set up to investigate different treatments the effects on the growth and blight of pepper seedlings, using distilled water as the control (CK).
When transplanting for 20 and 30 d, the fresh weight of the whole plant, dry weight of the whole plant and plant height of pepper after mixed catch crop treatment of wheat and broad bean were significantly higher than those no-catch crops treatments, and the incidence and disease index were significantly lower than those no-catch crops treatments. The disease index of the wheat and broad bean mixed catch crop treatment was significantly lower than that of all other treatments. The whole plant fresh weight of pepper was significantly increased at 20 d and 30 d of treatment with wheat and broad bean mixed straw decomposed liquids. At 30 d, the dry weight of the whole pepper plant was significantly increased except for 0.01 g·mL-1 treatment. Compared with distilled water treatment, 0.03 g·mL-1 treatment significantly increased the root length, average diameter of roots, root surface area, root volume, root tip number and leaf peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities of pepper (P<0.05). The mycelial diameter, zoospore germination rate and sporulation yield of Phytophthora capsici treated with different concentrations of wheat and broad bean mixture straw decomposed liquids were significantly lower than those of distilled water treatment (P<0.05). The mycelial diameter and zoospore germination rate of 0.03 g·mL-1 treatment were significantly lower than those of other treatments, and the inhibition effect of 0.03 g·mL-1 treatment on phytophthora blight and blight was the best.
The mixed catch crop of wheat and broad bean had a growth-promoting and disease-inhibiting effect on continuous cropping pepper seedlings, and its straw decomposed liquids played an important role in which the decomposed liquids concentration of 0.03 g·mL-1 when the best effect, and its role was closely related to the direct inhibition of the phytophthora blight and improved the activity of the plant defense enzymes.
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